Tag: RL

Using Reinforcement Learning To Learn To Play Tic-Tac-Toe

About a year ago I set myself the goal of writing an algorithm that could learn to play tic-tac-toe. I didn't want to tell the algorithm what the rules of the game are, nor did I want it to try and use some kind of calculation to look ahead at possible moves which might lead to a win from the current state of the board. I wanted the algorithm to "learn" how to play, by playing against itself. I knew nothing about machine learning, so I spent a bit of time learning about neural networks but didn't get very far and convinced myself that neural networks wouldn't work and I put the project to the back of my mind. A few months ago at a Christmas party, I bumped into an acquaintance, JP, and I ended up telling him about my goal. He suggested reinforcement learning and a few days later I started reading about it. It didn't take long before I was trying to understand Q-learning and failing fast by getting lost in the  maths. So with my limited knowledge I went about iteratively designing an algorithm to "learn" to play. Here is the result, which you can play against interactively by clicking on the board or buttons. It contains no code telling it what good or bad moves are and the AI algorithm knows nothing about the rules of the game - it's simply told what the outcome of each move is (unfinished, won, drawn, lost). It doesn't…

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